DORE UBURYO BWIZA BWO GUKORA SOIL TEST MBERE YO GUTANGIRA KUBAKA

Soil testing igamije kumenya niba ubutaka bufite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira uburemere bw’inyubako (bearing capacity). Inzobere mu bwubatsi zikora ibizamini bitandukanye birimo gufata ingero z’ubutaka (soil samples) zikajyanwa muri laboratwari gusuzumwa. Aha harebwa ubukomere, n'ubushobozi ndetse ubwoko bw’ubutaka (nk’umusenyi, ibumba cyangwa uruvange), ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi.

Kimwe mu bizamini bikunze gukoreshwa ni Standard Penetration Test (SPT), gifasha kumenya uko ubutaka bukomeye n’uko bwakwihanganira umutwaro. Hari kandi no gusuzuma urugero rw’amazi yo mu butaka (ground water level), kuko amazi menshi mu butaka ashobora kugira ingaruka ku fondasiyo, cyane cyane mu bihe by’imvura.

Ibyavuye muri soil testing bifasha engineer guhitamo ubwoko bwa fondasiyo bukwiriye. Hari aho bakoresha shallow foundation nk’iyo ubutaka bukomeye, ahandi hakifashishwa deep foundation nko gukoresha piles mu gihe ubutaka budafite imbaraga zihagije hejuru. Ibi bituma inyubako igira umutekano kandi ikaramba.

Abahanga mu bwubatsi bashimangira ko kwirengagiza soil testing ari kimwe mu bitera ibibazo bikomeye ku nyubako nyinshi. Nubwo hari abashaka kugabanya amafaranga yo kuyikora, amafaranga yo gusana inyubako yangiritse arusha kure ayo gukora isuzuma mbere yo kubaka.

Muri rusange, soil testing si amahitamo, ni igikorwa cya ngombwa mu bwubatsi bukurikiza amahame ya engineering. Itanga amakuru y’ingenzi afasha kubaka inyubako itekanye, irambye kandi yujuje ubuziranenge.