DORE UBURYO BWO KUBAKA FOUNDATION Y'INZU MUBUTAKA BW'IBIMBA HAKURIKIJWE AMAHAME YA BA INJINIYERE

Intambwe ya mbere ni ugukora soil investigation cyangwa soil test kugira ngo hamenyekane umutwaro kubutaka bushobora kwikorera , plasticity index n’ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi. Ibi bifasha engineer kumenya ubwoko bwa foundation bukwiye gukoreshwa. Clay soil akenshi iba ifite bearing capacity nto ugereranyije n’ubutaka bw’igitaka gisanzwe, bityo bisaba foundation ifite ubuso bunini cyangwa ijya mu bujyakuzimu.

Mu gihe clay soil ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kwikorera umutwaro, hakunze gukoreshwa raft foundation cyangwa combined footing kugira ngo umutwaro w’inyubako usakazwe ku buso bunini. Ahandi, iyo ubutaka bwo hejuru budafite imbaraga zihagije, hakoreshwa deep foundation nka pile foundation igera ku butaka bukomeye buri hasi.

Ikindi cy’ingenzi ni gukumira ikibazo cya swelling na shrinkage. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukuraho ubutaka bworoshye cyane bugasimbuzwa hardcore cyangwa laterite ikomeye, hagakorwa compaction ikomeye mbere yo gusuka betin. Nanone kandi gushyiraho drainage nziza ikura amazi hafi ya foundation bifasha kugabanya impinduka z’ubunini bw’ubutaka.

DPC (Damp Proof Course) nayo ni ingenzi cyane kuri clay soil kuko ubu butaka bubika amazi menshi. DPC irinda ko amazi azamuka mu rukuta bigatera humidity n’ibibazo bya finishing.

Mu gusoza, kubaka foundation kuri clay soil si ikibazo gikomeye iyo hakoreshejwe isesengura rya engineering, soil test ihagije no guhitamo ubwoko bwa foundation bukwiranye n’imiterere y’ubutaka. Kwihutira kubaka utabanje gukora ibi byegeranyo ni byo bitera inzu nyinshi kugira ibibazo bya cracks no gusenyuka mbere y’igihe.

Niba ushaka, nagukorera: